{"id":4121,"date":"2016-11-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-11-02T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/stalin-dun%c9%99n-olmayib\/"},"modified":"2021-11-05T18:18:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-05T14:18:00","slug":"stalin-dun%c9%99n-olmayib","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/stalin-dun%c9%99n-olmayib\/","title":{"rendered":"Stalin d\u00fcn\u0259n olmay\u0131b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oktyabrda “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131 sayt\u0131n\u0131n – SSR\u0130-d\u0259 siyasi terror qurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar bazas\u0131n\u0131n gürcü versiyas\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131b, bura h\u0259r bir  istifad\u0259çi öz yax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Layih\u0259nin yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan Sergey Bondarenko JAMnews-a onun niy\u0259 m\u0259hz indi aktual olmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

– “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131n\u0131n dig\u0259r ox\u015far layih\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259sas f\u0259rqi istifad\u0259çil\u0259rin bilavasit\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, onlar qeydiyyatdan keçib, anket doldura v\u0259 Wikipedia prinsipi il\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259 yarada bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Amma bel\u0259 bir sual da yaran\u0131r: siz\u0259 gönd\u0259ril\u0259n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n hans\u0131sa yoxlama sistemi mövcuddur?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Biziml\u0259 misal üçün, “Memorial aras\u0131nda prinsipial f\u0259rq m\u0259hz m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n yoxlanmas\u0131na yana\u015fmadad\u0131r.  “Memorial\u0131n etibar etdiyi m\u0259nb\u0259 siyah\u0131s\u0131 var, misal üçün h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 istinad ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi arxiv m\u0259lumatlar\u0131. Bizim el\u0259dikl\u0259rimiz is\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 daha çox Wikipedia-n\u0131n texnologiyas\u0131na ox\u015fay\u0131r. Biz\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n dem\u0259k olar ki, bütün m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 d\u0259rc edirik v\u0259 onlar\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin etibarl\u0131l\u0131q d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sind\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq s\u0131ralay\u0131r\u0131q. Y\u0259ni biz\u0259 daxil olan m\u0259lumat yoxlanmay\u0131bsa v\u0259 heç cür yoxlana bilm\u0259zs\u0259, onda m\u0259qal\u0259y\u0259 ni\u015fan qoyulur ki, bu m\u0259lumatlar d\u0259qiq olmaya bil\u0259r. Eyni zamanda istifad\u0259çi h\u0259r d\u0259f\u0259 hans\u0131sa \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli informasiyan\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 ed\u0259nd\u0259, m\u0259n bir redaktor kimi ona m\u0259ktub yaz\u0131b xahi\u015f edir\u0259m ki, bu informasiyan\u0131 t\u0259sdiq ed\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r, \u015f\u0259kill\u0259r, n\u0259s\u0259 gönd\u0259rsin v\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 insanlar cavab verib, n\u0259s\u0259 gönd\u0259rirl\u0259r. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 yoxlama ba\u015f verir, sad\u0259c\u0259 bu bir q\u0259d\u0259r ba\u015fqa cür i\u015fl\u0259yir.   <\/span><\/p>\n

– Siz layih\u0259ni “Memorial\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar bazas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda i\u015f\u0259 sald\u0131z v\u0259 haz\u0131rda “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131da olan h\u0259min o 2,5 milyon yaz\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r toplanm\u0131\u015f m\u0259lumatlard\u0131r. Bu 2,5 milyon yaz\u0131dan neç\u0259si istifad\u0259çil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsusdur? Ba\u015fqa sözl\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 layih\u0259niz\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259bat varm\u0131?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– D\u0259qiq cavab verm\u0259k ç\u0259tindir, çünki biz ancaq qeydiyyatdan keçmi\u015f istifad\u0259çil\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131 hesablaya bil\u0259rik. Onlar\u0131n say\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n dörd mindir. Amma onlar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259ri sayt\u0131m\u0131za öz m\u0259qal\u0259sini yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k üçün deyil, sad\u0259c\u0259 siyah\u0131ya giri\u015fi olmaq üçün daxil olur. Fikrimc\u0259, bu istifad\u0259çil\u0259r siyah\u0131ya yeni adlar daxil ed\u0259n istifad\u0259çil\u0259rd\u0259n daha az qiym\u0259tli deyil. Ay \u0259rzind\u0259 biz\u0259 onlarla m\u0259qal\u0259 gönd\u0259rirl\u0259r. Bunun az oldu\u011funu da dü\u015fünm\u0259k olard\u0131, \u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r böyük r\u0259q\u0259mdir.  Ax\u0131 “böyük terror vaxtlar\u0131ndan s\u0259ks\u0259n il keçib v\u0259 h\u0259r bir konkret yaz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 bunu unutmamas\u0131n\u0131n göst\u0259ricisidir, m\u0259nc\u0259 bu çox vacibdir. <\/span>Biz\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259 gönd\u0259rirl\u0259rs\u0259, dem\u0259li c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259bat var. Biz sad\u0259c\u0259 “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131ya t\u0259kan verm\u0259k ist\u0259yirik, sonra is\u0259 ümid edirik ki, o bizim müdaxil\u0259miz olmadan f\u0259aliyy\u0259t göst\u0259r\u0259c\u0259k.    <\/span><\/p>\n

– Bu layih\u0259yl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq q\u0259rar\u0131na nec\u0259 g\u0259ldiz?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– “Memorial c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yirdim, indi d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir\u0259m, ixtisasca sovet dövrü tarixçisiy\u0259m. Terror m\u0259nim ixtisas\u0131m olmasa da, “Memorialda  bir neç\u0259 il i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259n sonra çox yax\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fa dü\u015fdüm ki, yax\u0131n keçmi\u015fimizd\u0259 olan h\u0259r \u015fey bu v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r m\u0259nada bu mövzuyla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span>Layih\u0259mizi insanlar\u0131n maarifl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sinin bir hiss\u0259si kimi görür\u0259m. \u0130\u015f oras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, SSR\u0130-d\u0259 siyasi repressiyalar  keçmi\u015f deyil, kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r yax\u015f\u0131 hiss olunan indidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Haz\u0131rda “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131 rus dilind\u0259n ba\u015fqa h\u0259m d\u0259 gürcü v\u0259 Ukrayna dilind\u0259 d\u0259 var, özü d\u0259 h\u0259r ölk\u0259nin öz m\u0259lumatlar bazas\u0131 var. Ölk\u0259 seçimi n\u0259 il\u0259 motivasiya olunur?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Sad\u0259c\u0259 bu ölk\u0259l\u0259r daha çat\u0131ml\u0131 idi. Bu cür m\u0259lumatlar bazas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 imkan\u0131 \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, dövl\u0259tin repressiyalara nec\u0259 yana\u015fmas\u0131ndan v\u0259 öz tarixini nec\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh etm\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131n\u0131 Gürcüstan v\u0259 Ukraynan\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar bazas\u0131 il\u0259 i\u015f\u0259 salma\u011f\u0131 bacarma\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u0259bii ki, t\u0259sadüfi deyil. H\u0259m Ukrayna, h\u0259m d\u0259 Gürcüstan h\u0259r halda özl\u0259rinin post-sovet h\u0259yatlar\u0131n\u0131n mü\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259qam\u0131nda dig\u0259r ölk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n daha liberal oldular. Onlar sad\u0259c\u0259 özl\u0259rinin sovet keçmi\u015find\u0259n daha tez araland\u0131lar. Bu ölk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 repressiyalar mövzusuna ciddi dövl\u0259t mara\u011f\u0131 olub v\u0259 var. Buna gör\u0259 d\u0259 xüsus\u0259n d\u0259 Ukraynada bu mövzu f\u0259al müzakir\u0259 olunur v\u0259 bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yirl\u0259r: siyah\u0131lar haz\u0131rlan\u0131r, arxivl\u0259r qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, bununla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan dövl\u0259t institutu f\u0259aliyy\u0259t göst\u0259rir. Bu ölk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 daha çox aç\u0131q material var v\u0259 onlarla i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k olar. Gürcüstanda baza xeyli daha azd\u0131r, amma keçmi\u015f SSR\u0130-nin bir çox ölk\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 müqayis\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t dem\u0259k olar ki, ideald\u0131r. Biz dü\u015fündük ki, Ukrayna v\u0259 Gürcüstanda “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131 yaratma\u011f\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131 var.  Repressiya mövzusu dill\u0259rd\u0259dirs\u0259, dem\u0259li bölü\u015fm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n adamlar da tap\u0131lacaq.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Qalan post-sovet ölk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131 yaratmaq fikriniz var?<\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

– \u018fslind\u0259 biz “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu ölk\u0259l\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaq ist\u0259yirik, ax\u0131 texniki c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n bu ç\u0259tin deyil. Art\u0131q ist\u0259nil\u0259n yerd\u0259 i\u015f\u0259 sala bil\u0259c\u0259yimiz haz\u0131r sayt var, sad\u0259c\u0259 yerli adamlar v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlarla h\u0259min sayt\u0131n idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259lm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Y\u0259ni biz ist\u0259yirik ki, “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131 müxt\u0259lif ölk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 müxt\u0259lif dill\u0259rd\u0259 istifad\u0259 oluna bilsin. Texniki nöqteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 bu, elementar bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir. Problem m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259uy\u011funluqdad\u0131r. H\u0259l\u0259lik qalan ölk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t bir az daha ç\u0259tindir. Bütün materiallar qapal\u0131d\u0131rsa, “Aç\u0131q siyah\u0131 yaratma\u011f\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131 olmayacaq, çünki o bo\u015f qalacaq. <\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u0259s Rusiyada dövl\u0259t bu probleml\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olur? Misal üçün, arxiv a\u015fma\u011fa köm\u0259k edir?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– O, iki yolla köm\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259rdi: h\u0259r \u015feyi öz \u0259lin\u0259 al\u0131b, arxivl\u0259ri aça v\u0259 Böyük V\u0259t\u0259n Müharib\u0259si qurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n siyah\u0131lar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu kimi, milli m\u0259lumatlar bazas\u0131 yarada v\u0259 ya \u0259n az\u0131 hans\u0131sa öz\u0259l t\u0259\u015fkilatlara v\u0259 f\u0259allara bununla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olma\u011fa mane olmaya bil\u0259rdi. T\u0259\u0259ssüf ki, Rusiya dövl\u0259ti bu i\u015fd\u0259 heç bir köm\u0259k göst\u0259rmir. Son 10-15 il \u0259rzind\u0259 arxivl\u0259r\u0259 giri\u015f çox ç\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdirilib. Yarad\u0131lan qanunlar \u0259sas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259r ba\u011flan\u0131r, onlar\u0131n m\u0259xfilik müdd\u0259ti uzad\u0131l\u0131r. \u015e\u0259xsi m\u0259lumatlar haqq\u0131nda qanun var v\u0259 bu qanuna gör\u0259, kims\u0259 kimins\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi i\u015fi il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmaq ist\u0259yirs\u0259, bu i\u015fin h\u0259tta s\u0259ks\u0259n il \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259 aid oldu\u011fu halda mütl\u0259q h\u0259min adam\u0131n qohumlar\u0131n\u0131n raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Sizc\u0259 niy\u0259 bu ba\u015f verir?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– \u018fsas\u0259n ona gör\u0259 ki, bu siyas\u0259tl\u0259 çox ba\u011fl\u0131 olan bir mövzudur. Bizim dövl\u0259timiz ist\u0259nil\u0259n halda sovet dövründ\u0259  qoyulan bünövr\u0259nin üstünd\u0259 durur. V\u0259 o \u0259sla inkar olunmur, \u0259ksin\u0259 Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n bütün \u015feyl\u0259r müsb\u0259t say\u0131l\u0131r. Dövl\u0259t d\u0259 bu irsi qaralamaq ist\u0259mir, ax\u0131 o, bu irs üz\u0259rind\u0259 bu günkü günümüzü qurur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– S\u0259hvl\u0259rin etiraf edilm\u0259m\u0259si?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– “S\u0259hvl\u0259r çox z\u0259if ifad\u0259dir. Ax\u0131 repressiyalar sovet c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259sidir, bu c\u0259miyy\u0259t onlars\u0131z mövcud olmay\u0131b. Repressiv sistemin nec\u0259 quruldu\u011fu bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fmadan h\u0259min c\u0259miyy\u0259t haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fmaq mümkün deyil. Dem\u0259li, bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 h\u0259tta ona heç bir qiym\u0259t verilm\u0259s\u0259 bel\u0259, \u0259n az\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015fd\u0131rma prosesind\u0259 is\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 suallar yaran\u0131r: “niy\u0259 bunlar ba\u015f verib, “kim günahkard\u0131r v\u0259 s. <\/span>Bu m\u0259nada Almaniya bizim üçün nümun\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n bu cür materialla böyük i\u015f t\u0259crüb\u0259si var, onlarda bu, m\u0259kt\u0259b proqram\u0131na daxil edilib, h\u0259tta ayr\u0131ca termin d\u0259 mövcuddur – “keçmi\u015fin yenid\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0259rc olunub: 31.10.2016<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana Rusiya v\u0259 Ukraynadan sonra \u201cA\u00e7\u0131q siyah\u0131\u201d layih\u0259si g\u0259ldi \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"formation":[],"post-author":[2933],"topic":[4949],"tooltip":[],"city":[],"class_list":["post-4121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cmiyyt","post-author-mixail-sevelyov","topic-joseph-stalin"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nStalin d\u00fcn\u0259n olmay\u0131b - JAMnews<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/stalin-dun\u0259n-olmayib\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stalin d\u00fcn\u0259n olmay\u0131b - 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