{"id":3929,"date":"2016-06-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-06-02T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/metadon-proqraminin-qusurlari\/"},"modified":"2020-03-18T10:52:25","modified_gmt":"2020-03-18T10:52:25","slug":"metadon-proqraminin-qusurlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/metadon-proqraminin-qusurlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n q\u00fcsurlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u0259l\u0259n il Gürcüstanda metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n 10 illiyi qeyd olunacaq, S\u0259hiyy\u0259 Nazirliyi bu proqram\u0131 2007-ci ild\u0259, narkomanl\u0131q v\u0259 hepatitl\u0259rin yay\u0131lma miqyas\u0131 f\u0259lak\u0259tli göst\u0259ricil\u0259r\u0259 çatanda h\u0259yata keçirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. AB\u015e Dövl\u0259t Departamentinin h\u0259min dövr\u0259 olan statistikas\u0131na gör\u0259, Gürcüstanda 275 min narkotik istifad\u0259çisi v\u0259 200 min hepatit C virusuna yoluxan var\u0131yd\u0131.
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Gürcüstanda il \u0259rzind\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259yici terapiya proqram\u0131ndan 4 min\u0259 yax\u0131n adam istifad\u0259 edir. Haz\u0131rki dövrd\u0259 dövl\u0259t proqram\u0131 iki hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir – pullu v\u0259 pulsuz. Pulsuzu Qlobal Fond maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirir, onun köm\u0259yi il\u0259 terapiyan\u0131 750 benefisiar keçir. Proqram pulsuzdur, bu da sosial t\u0259minat\u0131 olmayan v\u0259 ya m\u0259hdud imkanl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini yüngüll\u0259\u015fdirir. Pullu proqram\u0131n benefisiarlar\u0131na g\u0259linc\u0259, onlar h\u0259r ay günd\u0259lik metadon dozas\u0131na gör\u0259 110 lari öd\u0259yirl\u0259r.
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Dövl\u0259t n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olan pullu metadon proqram\u0131 Tbilisi, Poti, Kutaisi, Zuqdidi, Batumi, Ozurqeti, Telavi, yay mövsümünd\u0259 is\u0259 Kobuletid\u0259 d\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t göst\u0259rir. Qlobal Fondun pulsuz proqram\u0131 is\u0259 Tbilisinin Saburtalo v\u0259 Qldan rayonlar\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259zaç\u0259km\u0259 mü\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rini, Qori, Batumi, Tbilisi v\u0259 Kutaisini \u0259hat\u0259 edir.
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Metadon proqram\u0131na ancaq tiry\u0259k t\u0259rkibli narkotik madd\u0259 istifad\u0259çil\u0259ri qo\u015fula bil\u0259r. “Bemoni qeyri-hökum\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n son (2014-cü il\u0259 olan) t\u0259dqiqat\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 gör\u0259, Gürcüstanda 50 min\u0259 yax\u0131n narkoman inyeksiya narkotikl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edir. Bu m\u0259lumatlar ekspertl\u0259rin narahatç\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur – c\u0259mi be\u015f il \u0259vv\u0259l narkotikd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 insanlar\u0131n say\u0131 45 min\u0259 çat\u0131rd\u0131, amma kustar narkotirl\u0259rin (“t\u0131sba\u011fa, “vint, “ceffin) yay\u0131lmas\u0131 son ill\u0259rd\u0259 bu say\u0131n xeyli artmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib ç\u0131xard\u0131.
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Ümumdünya S\u0259hiyy\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 (ÜST) ild\u0259n il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259yici terapiyaya müraci\u0259t etm\u0259yi m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t görür, çünki öt\u0259n \u0259srin 60-c\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259ri metadon istifad\u0259sinin tibbi t\u0259crüb\u0259si bu preparat\u0131n narkomanlarda n\u0259inki abstinent sindromun aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 müxt\u0259lif infeksiyalar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 nöqteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259n effektiv preparat oldu\u011funu göst\u0259rir.
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Metadonun dozadan art\u0131q istifad\u0259sinin t\u0259siri morfinin t\u0259sirin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259yir, amma ondan f\u0259rqli olaraq, metadon eyforiya hissini bloklay\u0131r v\u0259 xroniki as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 azald\u0131r. Amma bu zaman h\u0259kiml\u0259 pasientin birlikd\u0259 mü\u0259yy\u0259n etdiyi adekvat dozan\u0131n q\u0259bulu vacibdir. Metadon sintetik narkotikdir v\u0259 ondan as\u0131l\u0131 olmamaq üçün h\u0259kim uzun müdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 dozan\u0131 yava\u015f-yava\u015f azald\u0131r. \u018fks\u0259r vaxtlarda bu, bir neç\u0259 il davam edir v\u0259 norkotikd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 insan t\u0259dric\u0259n adi h\u0259yat ritmin\u0259 qay\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259r o yuxudan narkotik üçün pul tapmaq fikri il\u0259 oyanm\u0131r, çünki onu öz metadon dozas\u0131 gözl\u0259yir. Ona ümumi iyn\u0259 laz\u0131m deyil v\u0259 dem\u0259li o qanla keç\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri yaym\u0131r.
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Metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n benefisiar\u0131 özün\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t edir, m\u0259suliyy\u0259tli i\u015fin öhd\u0259sind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 normal münasib\u0259tl\u0259r saxlaya bilir. Metadonun t\u0259sir müdd\u0259ti 25-36 saatd\u0131r. Buna gör\u0259 d\u0259 benefisiar mütl\u0259q günd\u0259lik dozas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259lidir. <\/span>
Metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n bütün müsb\u0259t c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, narkotik alud\u0259çil\u0259ri, Gürcüstan\u0131n narkoloqlar\u0131 onun qüsurlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.
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Biz proqram\u0131n benefisiarlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zedici terapiyan\u0131n qüsurlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 söhb\u0259t etdik v\u0259 onlardan müvafiq informasiyan\u0131 ald\u0131q:<\/span><\/p>\n

Qüsur 1 <\/span><\/strong><\/span>
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Dövl\u0259t proqram\u0131n\u0131n benefisiar\u0131 müt\u0259madi olaraq 110 lari öd\u0259m\u0259k iqtidar\u0131nda deyil, xüsus\u0259n d\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r proqramda bir neç\u0259 il \u0259rzind\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirs\u0259. Bu da bir çoxlar\u0131n\u0131n terapiyan\u0131 dayand\u0131r\u0131b, narkotik istifad\u0259sin\u0259 qay\u0131tmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Ölk\u0259d\u0259 heç kim proqramdan ç\u0131xan benefisirlar\u0131n statistikas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmur, heç kim bunun s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini öyr\u0259nmir.
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Qüsur 2 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Proqramda stabil olaraq i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n benefisiar\u0131n t\u0259\u015fviqi mexanizmi yoxdur. “Be\u015f ildir ki, proqram\u0131n benefisiar\u0131yam – 120 qram metadondan 25-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r “dü\u015fmü\u015f\u0259m. Proqram\u0131n daxili nizam-intizam\u0131n\u0131 heç vaxt pozmam\u0131\u015fam. Buna baxmayaraq, m\u0259n\u0259 \u015f\u0259nb\u0259-bazar metadon dozas\u0131n\u0131 ev\u0259 aparmaq qada\u011fand\u0131r. Havadan, v\u0259ziyy\u0259timd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq, h\u0259r gün m\u0259rk\u0259z\u0259 g\u0259lib, yerind\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259 dü\u015f\u0259n dozan\u0131 alma\u011fa m\u0259cburam, – Giorgi M. deyir. Amma \u015f\u0259nb\u0259-bazar dozas\u0131n\u0131 özüyl\u0259 aparmaq
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Qüsur 3<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
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Proqrama h\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q s\u0259rt ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q t\u0259k benefisiara deyil, ail\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259 narahatl\u0131q g\u0259tirir. Metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n benefisiarlar\u0131 metadonu m\u0259hdud zaman k\u0259siyind\u0259 – 9.00-dan 14.00-a q\u0259d\u0259r (istirah\u0259t günl\u0259ri is\u0259 daha az – 13.00-a q\u0259d\u0259r) ala bilirl\u0259r. H\u0259r gün metadon üçün serviz m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 yüzl\u0259rl\u0259 insan müraci\u0259t etdiyi üçün böyük növb\u0259l\u0259r yaran\u0131r, xüsus\u0259n d\u0259 s\u0259h\u0259r saatlar\u0131nda. Benefisiarlar \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259nirl\u0259r ki, bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n onlar tez-tez i\u015f\u0259 gecikir ki, bu da onlara c\u0259miyy\u0259tin tamhüquqlu üzvl\u0259rin\u0259 çevrilm\u0259sin\u0259 mane olur. Onlar ail\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 istirah\u0259t ed\u0259 bilmirl\u0259r, çünki m\u0259rk\u0259zin f\u0259aliyy\u0259t göst\u0259rdiyi yerd\u0259n uza\u011fa ged\u0259 bilmirl\u0259r.
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“N\u0259 pullu, n\u0259 d\u0259 pulsuz metadon proqram\u0131 Samsxe-Cavaxeti, Raçe, Svaneti, yay istirah\u0259ti zonalar\u0131nda f\u0259aliyy\u0259t göst\u0259rmir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Gürcüstan\u0131n ikinci \u0259n böyük \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri olan Kutaisid\u0259 pulsuz proqram i\u015fl\u0259mir, pullu proqramdam istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k üçüns\u0259 insanlar Terjola, Zestafoni, Samtredi, Çiaturadan g\u0259lirl\u0259r. T\u0259s\u0259vvür edin, h\u0259r gün onlar t\u0259kc\u0259 yola n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r vaxt itirirl\u0259r! B\u0259s n\u0259 vaxt i\u015fl\u0259sinl\u0259r? S\u0259nin bu z\u0259man\u0259tsiz müalic\u0259nin bütün x\u0259rcl\u0259ri ail\u0259 üzvl\u0259rinin üz\u0259rin\u0259 dü\u015fürs\u0259, müalic\u0259 almaq ist\u0259yi n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ç\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259r? – Mamuka Q. sual verir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Qüsur 4<\/span><\/strong>
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Metadonun q\u0259bulu zaman\u0131 preparat\u0131n müalic\u0259 ed\u0259n h\u0259kiml\u0259 pasientin birlikd\u0259 mü\u0259yy\u0259n etdiyi adekvat dozas\u0131 çox vacibdir. Metadondan as\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 dü\u015fm\u0259m\u0259k üçün dozan\u0131 uzun müdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 mikroskopik miqdarda azaltmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r, amma terapiyan\u0131 dayand\u0131rmaq v\u0259 müalic\u0259nin növb\u0259ti m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 keçm\u0259kl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ist\u0259yini bildir\u0259n kimi h\u0259kim: “Dozan\u0131 özün mü\u0259yy\u0259n et. – deyir. Bununla da o sanki m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti öz üstünd\u0259n at\u0131r. S\u0259b\u0259b is\u0259 ondand\u0131r ki, h\u0259kiml\u0259r sad\u0259c\u0259 dozan\u0131 nec\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259li olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmirl\u0259r, bunu etiraf etm\u0259k d\u0259 ist\u0259mirl\u0259r. H\u0259kiml\u0259rin qeyri-pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o yer\u0259 g\u0259tirib ç\u0131xar\u0131r ki, benefisiar metadona paralel olaraq stimul\u0259 edici preparatlar v\u0259 yuxu g\u0259tirici d\u0259rmanlardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r ki, bu da s\u0259hh\u0259t\u0259 pis t\u0259sir edir v\u0259 h\u0259tta proqramdan k\u0259narla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lma\u011fa s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r.
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Qüsur 5 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u018fslind\u0259 metadon \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259yici terapiya h\u0259kimin st\u0259kanda metadon dozas\u0131 verm\u0259si il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Benefisiara h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259kimin psixoloji köm\u0259yi laz\u0131md\u0131r. Narkotikd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 insanlar is\u0259 tez-tez m\u0259hz tibb i\u015fçil\u0259rinin pis münasib\u0259ti il\u0259 üzl\u0259\u015firl\u0259r. Benefisiar h\u0259r hans\u0131 naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildir\u0259nd\u0259, onlar kobudluq edirl\u0259r. “Bir neç\u0259 d\u0259qiq\u0259 gecikmis\u0259ns\u0259, qap\u0131n\u0131 düz üzün\u0259 ba\u011flaya bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Sabaha q\u0259d\u0259r nec\u0259 döz\u0259c\u0259yin onlar\u0131 narahat etmir, qap\u0131n\u0131 aç\u0131b, iç\u0259ri buraxsalar da min d\u0259f\u0259 gecikdiyin\u0259 gör\u0259 danlayacaqlar, -Giorgi M. deyir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Qüsur 6<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Metadon proqram\u0131na az sayda qad\u0131n qo\u015fulub. Müst\u0259qil narkotik ekspertl\u0259rinin qiym\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 gör\u0259, onlar benefisiarlar\u0131n ümumi say\u0131n\u0131n 2%-d\u0259n az\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Narkotik istifad\u0259çisi olan qad\u0131nlar sosial xüsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r, h\u0259ya v\u0259 bunun c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 üz\u0259 ç\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 qorxu s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n nadir hallarda narkoloji klinikalara müraci\u0259t edirl\u0259r. “Metadon m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar anonimliyin qorunmas\u0131na ümid ed\u0259 bilmirl\u0259r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Qüsur 7<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u018fv\u0259zl\u0259yici proqram\u0131n benefisiarlar\u0131na t\u0259k müalic\u0259 dövründ\u0259 deyil, proqramdan ç\u0131xandan bir il sonra da sürücü v\u0259siq\u0259sind\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k qada\u011fand\u0131r. Amma m\u0259hz avtomobil benefisiarlar\u0131n böyük hiss\u0259si üçün g\u0259lir m\u0259nb\u0259yidir (distribusiya sah\u0259si, taksi v\u0259 s.). Dövl\u0259t i\u015f\u0259 düz\u0259lm\u0259nin alternativ variant\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259kilf etmir. Bel\u0259 ç\u0131x\u0131r ki, onsuz da f\u0259rli-ba\u015fl\u0131 perspektivi olmayan insanlar\u0131n proqramdan ç\u0131xandan sonra i\u015f\u0259 düz\u0259lm\u0259k çans\u0131 bir az da azal\u0131r. “Hans\u0131 sosialla\u015fmadan söhb\u0259t ged\u0259 bil\u0259r?.. Biz i\u015fsiz v\u0259 m\u0259zlum olma\u011fa m\u0259hkumuq, – Qela S. deyir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qüsur 8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Proqram\u0131n \u0259sas qüsurlar\u0131ndan biri g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yinin dumanl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. 2018-ci ild\u0259n, Qlobal Fond Gürcüstan\u0131 t\u0259rk ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si durur. Dövl\u0259t fondun proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini davam etdir\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259kmi? Bu suala heç bir qurumun cavab\u0131 yoxdur.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0259rc olunub 1.06.2016<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u018fv\u0259zl\u0259yici terapiya haqda n\u0259l\u0259ri bilm\u0259liyik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"formation":[],"post-author":[3448],"topic":[],"tooltip":[],"city":[],"class_list":["post-3929","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cmiyyt","post-author-irma-kaxurasvili"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMetadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 - JAMnews<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/metadon-proqraminin-qusurlari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Metadon proqram\u0131n\u0131n q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 - 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