{"id":3878,"date":"2016-04-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-04-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/analiq-defisiti\/"},"modified":"2021-11-06T16:53:19","modified_gmt":"2021-11-06T12:53:19","slug":"analiq-defisiti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/analiq-defisiti\/","title":{"rendered":"Anal\u0131q defisiti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Art\u0131q 50 ild\u0259n sonra gürcül\u0259ri n\u0259sli k\u0259sil\u0259n etnoslar siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil etm\u0259k mümkün ola bil\u0259r. Demoqraflar bildirirl\u0259r ki, 2017-ci ild\u0259n Gürcüstanda \u0259hali azalma\u011fa ba\u015flayacaq v\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 do\u011fum say\u0131 indikind\u0259n iki d\u0259f\u0259 az olacaq.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu, onunla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilir ki, bu dövrd\u0259 anal\u0131q qrupuna daxil olan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n say\u0131 çox azd\u0131r. Müqayis\u0259 ed\u0259k: 1990-2000-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Gürcüstanda c\u0259mi 225 q\u0131z do\u011fulub ki, bu da 1980-1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rl\u0259 müqayis\u0259d\u0259 iki d\u0259f\u0259 azd\u0131r. Bel\u0259 bir defisit \u0259halinin 1 milyon 170 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r azalmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib ç\u0131xara bil\u0259r. \u018fhalinin son siyah\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131na gör\u0259, Gürcüstan \u0259halisi 3 729 635 n\u0259f\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gürcüstanda Dünya bank\u0131 v\u0259 BMT \u018fhali Fondunun d\u0259st\u0259yil\u0259 apar\u0131lan son ara\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, 1990-c\u0131 ild\u0259n 2010-cu il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r olan dövr \u0259rzind\u0259 Gürcüstanda selektiv abortlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 25 min q\u0131z dünyaya g\u0259lm\u0259yib. Müt\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rin hesablamalar\u0131na gör\u0259, orta hesabla h\u0259r 105 o\u011flana 100 q\u0131z do\u011fulur. Gürcüstanda 2008-2012-ci ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 bu nisb\u0259t 112 o\u011flana 100 q\u0131z, b\u0259zi m\u0259lumatlara gör\u0259 is\u0259, 120 o\u011flana 100 q\u0131z olub.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ail\u0259l\u0259r qurulmur<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Gürcüstanda h\u0259l\u0259 bu yax\u0131nlara q\u0259d\u0259r ail\u0259 qurmaqdan ötrü \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 ya\u015f dövrü qad\u0131nlar üçün 25, ki\u015fil\u0259r üçün 27-28 ya\u015f say\u0131l\u0131b. Amma son ill\u0259rd\u0259 nikahlar\u0131n daha gec – 35 ya\u015fa yax\u0131n qurulmas\u0131 tendensiyas\u0131 yaran\u0131b. \u0130ndiki 20 ya\u015fl\u0131lar öz valideynl\u0259rind\u0259n daha iddial\u0131 v\u0259 da çox karyeraya istiqam\u0259tlidirl\u0259r. Amma 35 ya\u015f\u0131nda 20 ya\u015f\u0131ndak\u0131 kimi t\u0259l\u0259sik q\u0259rarlar q\u0259bul etmirs\u0259n. \u015eübh\u0259l\u0259r, arqumentl\u0259rin götür-qoy edilm\u0259si v\u0259 q\u0259tiyy\u0259tsizlik b\u0259z\u0259n ail\u0259 qurmaq plan\u0131n\u0131 xeyli ert\u0259l\u0259yir, b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 ümumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 r\u0259dd edir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, son ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 Gürcüstanda sosial rollar xeyli d\u0259yi\u015fib. Misal üçün, qad\u0131nlar art\u0131q ki\u015fil\u0259rin onlar\u0131 b\u0259l\u0259kd\u0259n görm\u0259y\u0259 öyr\u0259\u015fdiyi kimi, söz\u0259 baxan evdar xan\u0131mlar deyill\u0259r. Bu yeni müst\u0259qil v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259bkar qad\u0131nla nec\u0259 ail\u0259 quraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da bilmirs\u0259n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pul azd\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Bu gün Gürcüstanda do\u011fum say\u0131 ölüm say\u0131n\u0131 üst\u0259l\u0259yir. Amma dolan\u0131\u015f\u0131q arxas\u0131nca xaric\u0259 üz tutan Gürcüstan v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131 da çoxdur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lika üç il \u0259vv\u0259l Münhen\u0259 gedib. Gürcüstandak\u0131 evind\u0259 onu balaca o\u011flu gözl\u0259yir. Lika h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 az\u0131 iki u\u015faq ist\u0259yib, amma indi birini d\u0259 gücl\u0259 doland\u0131r\u0131r. O\u011flan\u0131 n\u0259n\u0259-babas\u0131 böyüdür, anas\u0131 is\u0259 o\u011flu il\u0259 görü\u015f\u0259c\u0259yi zamana q\u0259d\u0259r günl\u0259ri say\u0131r. Vaxt gedir v\u0259 ikinci u\u015faqla ba\u011fl\u0131 fikirl\u0259rd\u0259n da\u015f\u0131nma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r, çünki dünyaya u\u015faq g\u0259tirs\u0259, i\u015find\u0259n imtina etm\u0259li olacaq.<\/span><\/p>\n

Problemin adekvat anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 azd\u0131r <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0130lya Dövl\u0259t \u0130nstitutu yan\u0131nda Demoqrafiya v\u0259 Sosiologiya \u0130nstitutunun direktoru Avtandil Sulaberidze indiki demoqrafik t\u0259hlük\u0259sizlik konsepsiyas\u0131n\u0131n mü\u0259llifidir. Y\u0259ni gürcü demoqrafiya siyas\u0259ti m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 ax\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 adam deyil.<\/span><\/p>\n

O hesab edir ki, u\u015faql\u0131 ail\u0259l\u0259rin sosial-iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yön\u0259l\u0259n layih\u0259l\u0259r ancaq daha çox u\u015faq dünyaya g\u0259tirm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k verir, gürcü ail\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259sas hiss\u0259sin\u0259 is\u0259 heç bir t\u0259sir göst\u0259rmir. Sulaberidze hesab edir ki, Gürcüstanda t\u0259\u0259ssüf ki, art\u0131q çoxdan gürcü m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tind\u0259n silin\u0259n çoxu\u015faql\u0131 ail\u0259 obraz\u0131n\u0131n populyarla\u015fmas\u0131 üz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Demoqrafiya \u0130nstitutunun direktoru f\u0259xrl\u0259 bildirir ki, bir neç\u0259 il \u0259vv\u0259l m\u0259hz o Patriarxa üçüncü u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n xaç suyuna ç\u0259kilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüsü t\u0259klif edib. Bu t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüs\u0259 gör\u0259, patriarx \u0130kinci \u0130liya Gürcüstanda bütün qanuni nikahda v\u0259 ail\u0259d\u0259 üçüncü v\u0259 ondan sonra do\u011fulan u\u015faqlar\u0131n xaç atas\u0131 olur. T\u0259\u0259ccüblü olsa da, bu t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüs xeyli s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li oldu: 2007-ci ild\u0259 do\u011fulan u\u015faqlar\u0131n ümumi say\u0131nda üçüncü u\u015faqlar\u0131n pay\u0131 10 faiz, bu gün is\u0259 18,5 faiz t\u0259\u015fkil edir. <\/span><\/p>\n

“M\u0259n \u0259n kiçik ya\u015fl\u0131 u\u015faqlarla i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259yi t\u0259klif edir\u0259m. Çoxu\u015faql\u0131 ail\u0259nin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n vacibliyi haqq\u0131nda informasiyan\u0131 \u015füuralt\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 yeritm\u0259k, – Demoqrafiya \u0130nstitutunun direktoru deyir, – t\u0259s\u0259vvür edin ki, riyaziyyat d\u0259rsidir. Ax\u0131 cans\u0131z \u0259\u015fyalar \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 o\u011flan v\u0259 q\u0131zlar\u0131 toplamaq v\u0259 ç\u0131xmaq da olar! H\u0259m d\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 çoxlu sayda bac\u0131 v\u0259 qarda\u015flar olan na\u011f\u0131llarla t\u0259rbiy\u0259 etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bir sözl\u0259, bütün bunu inki\u015faf\u0131n ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 yeritm\u0259k. U\u015faqlarla ail\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Ancaq onda biz ist\u0259diyimiz n\u0259tic\u0259ni ala bil\u0259rik. Qalan h\u0259r \u015fey ancaq \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rdir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r dövl\u0259t t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüsü yoxdur <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Xo\u015fb\u0259xtlikd\u0259n u\u015faqlar\u0131n çoxu\u015faql\u0131l\u0131q mövzusunda zombil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si demoqrafik v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 üçün yegan\u0259 c\u0259hd deyil. 2013-cü ilin iyul ay\u0131ndan demoqrafik t\u0259\u015f\u0259bbüsl\u0259r üçün Gürcüstan\u0131n dövl\u0259t büdc\u0259sind\u0259n 200 milyon larid\u0259n çox v\u0259sait ayr\u0131l\u0131b. Dövl\u0259t 500 lari (210 dollar) h\u0259cmind\u0259 do\u011fu\u015fu, 800 lari h\u0259cmind\u0259 (345 dollar) qeys\u0259riyy\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n\u0131, hamil\u0259liyin monitorinqini (mü\u0259yy\u0259n sayda h\u0259kim müayin\u0259si) maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259, pulsuz fol tur\u015fusu paylama\u011fa v\u0259 laz\u0131m oldu\u011fu halda dig\u0259r tibbi preparatlarla t\u0259min etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

2014-cü ilin yanvar ay\u0131ndan anal\u0131q m\u0259zuniyy\u0259tinin müdd\u0259ti 6 aya q\u0259d\u0259r uzad\u0131ld\u0131, bird\u0259f\u0259lik yard\u0131m is\u0259 400 larid\u0259n (172 dollar) 1000 lariy\u0259 (431 dollar) q\u0259d\u0259r artd\u0131. El\u0259 h\u0259min ilin iyununda dövl\u0259t h\u0259r üçüncü v\u0259 sonrak\u0131 u\u015faqlara gör\u0259 150 lari (bu, 65 dollardan azd\u0131r), da\u011f rayonlar\u0131nda is\u0259 200 lari (86 dollar) öd\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dövl\u0259tin h\u0259r üçüncü u\u015fa\u011fa bu simvolik qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259qdir\u0259layiqdir, amma bir q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259\u0259ccüblüdür ki, niy\u0259 o, ail\u0259d\u0259ki h\u0259min ilk iki u\u015faq bar\u0259d\u0259 heç dü\u015fünmür.<\/span><\/p>\n

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