{"id":3349,"date":"2017-02-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-02-27T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/moskva-suxumi-tbilisi-yerevan\/"},"modified":"2022-09-27T12:20:48","modified_gmt":"2022-09-27T08:20:48","slug":"moskva-suxumi-tbilisi-yerevan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/moskva-suxumi-tbilisi-yerevan\/","title":{"rendered":"Moskva-Suxumi-Tbilisi-Yerevan d\u0259miryolu x\u0259tti – olsun, ya olmas\u0131n?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Moskvadan Qafqaz \u0259razisind\u0259n ke\u00e7m\u0259kl\u0259, oradan da T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 \u0130rana  birba\u015fa d\u0259mir yol \u0259laq\u0259sinin n\u0259z\u0259ri c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n b\u0259rpas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc son bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il \u0259rzind\u0259 vaxta\u015f\u0131r\u0131 olaraq h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rin f\u0259al m\u00fczakir\u0259 obyektin\u0259 \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n

\u018fsasl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n fikirl\u0259r s\u00f6yl\u0259nilir \u2013x\u0259yali layih\u0259nin d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259n tutmu\u015f onun q\u0259ti v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259bli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 r\u0259dd edilm\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olmayan v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259nada \u201cmifik\u201d olan Moskva-Suxum\/v\u0259-Tbilisi-Yerevan d\u0259mir yolu layih\u0259si yen\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259rin episentrind\u0259 oldu \u2013 bu d\u0259f\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan v\u0259 Erm\u0259nistanda.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana 23-24 fevralda ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015f\u0259n s\u0259f\u0259ri zaman\u0131 Erm\u0259nistan ba\u015f naziri Karen Karapetyan\u0131n jurnalistl\u0259r\u0259 deyib:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u018fg\u0259r sizi Lars\u0131n [Rusiya-G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan s\u0259rh\u0259dind\u0259 ke\u00e7id m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si, Erm\u0259nistandan Rusiyaya yegan\u0259 quru yolu] alternativinin olub-olmayaca\u011f\u0131 maraqland\u0131r\u0131rsa, sizi \u0259min ed\u0259 bil\u0259r\u0259m ki, b\u0259li, olacaq! Qalan\u0131 haqda sonra, h\u0259l\u0259lik m\u00f6t\u0259riz\u0259l\u0259ri a\u00e7m\u0131ram. Biz h\u0259m Larsla ba\u011fl\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 enerji d\u0259hlizi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259ldik\u201d.<\/p>\n

Erm\u0259nistan ba\u015f nazirinin bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan m\u00fcxalif\u0259tind\u0259 etirazlara s\u0259b\u0259b oldu, m\u00fcxalif\u0259t G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan hakimiyy\u0259tini Abxaziyadan ke\u00e7\u0259n d\u0259miryolu x\u0259ttinin b\u0259rpa edilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 p\u0259rd\u0259arxas\u0131 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaqda su\u00e7lad\u0131 \u2013 m\u00fcxalif\u0259t is\u0259  q\u0259ti \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 buna qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan ba\u015f nazirinin m\u00fcavini Kaxa Kaladze b\u0259yan etdi ki, Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti il\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u0259mir yolu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunmay\u0131b v\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irmir bel\u0259. Ba\u015f nazirin Rusiya il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 x\u00fcsusi n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si Zurab Aba\u015fidze d\u0259 h\u0259min x\u0259b\u0259ri inkar edib.<\/p>\n

Eyni zamanda Erm\u0259nistan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 qay\u0131dandan sonra erm\u0259ni r\u0259smil\u0259rind\u0259n he\u00e7 kim G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanla tranzit m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 dair h\u0259r hans\u0131 raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259ld\u0259 edildiyini bildirm\u0259yib.<\/p>\n

B\u0259s h\u0259m qalmaqallar, h\u0259m heyranl\u0131q, h\u0259m d\u0259 geni\u015f m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan bu d\u0259mir yolu n\u0259dir?<\/p>\n

  JAMnews x\u00fcsusi ara\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n
Go to top<\/a><\/div><\/p>\n
 <\/em><\/strong>Transqafqaz d\u0259mir yolu: n\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131 var, n\u0259 sonu<\/span><\/h3>\n
Moskva-Yerevan tras\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 qatarlar\u0131n\u0131n iyirmi \u00fc\u00e7 il \u0259vv\u0259l g\u00fcrc\u00fc-abxaz m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu ill\u0259r boyu qatarlar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ist\u0259nil\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t siyasi dalana dir\u0259nirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
2012-ci ild\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda hakimiyy\u0259t ba\u015f\u0131na yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259t g\u0259ldi. Onun verdiyi \u2013 b\u0259lk\u0259 Moskva-Yerevan d\u0259mir yolunu qaytaraq? – sual\u0131 q\u0259fl\u0259t\u0259n yenid\u0259n g\u00fcnd\u0259m\u0259 qay\u0131td\u0131. D\u00fczd\u00fcr, b\u00f6y\u00fck sual i\u015far\u0259si formas\u0131nda el\u0259 orada da qal\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"Map<\/p>\n
Tbilisi. Vaxts\u0131z s\u00f6hb\u0259t <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
Xeta k\u0259ndi Q\u0259rbi G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 Zuqdidi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n 20 kilometr aral\u0131da yerl\u0259\u015fir. Burada yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n k\u00f6hn\u0259 d\u0259mir yolu stansiyas\u0131 daha \u00e7ox xarabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131r \u2013 q\u0131r\u0131q \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259l\u0259r, \u0259yilmi\u015f p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259 taxtas\u0131, qap\u0131 is\u0259 yerli-dibli yoxdur. Otaqlardan birind\u0259 \u201cKassa yaz\u0131s\u0131 qal\u0131b. Stansiya \u0259razisind\u0259 rahatca in\u0259k g\u0259zi\u015fir.<\/span><\/p>\n
G\u00fcnd\u0259 iki d\u0259f\u0259 Xetadan Tbilisi-Zuqdidi s\u0259rni\u015fin qatar\u0131 ke\u00e7ir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"2Xeta stansiyas\u0131 bu g\u00fcn<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u201c\u018fvv\u0259ll\u0259r, sovet vaxt\u0131nda v\u0259ziyy\u0259t ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr idi \u2013 Tbilisi-Moskva, Skaltubo-Moskva, Yerevan-Moskva qatar\u0131. K\u0259ndimiz b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr, burada b\u00fct\u00fcn qatarlar dayan\u0131rd\u0131. M\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fc kassada oturub, bilet sat\u0131rd\u0131m. Stansiyam\u0131zda \u0259lli n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 yax\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259yirdi, – 40 il burada kassir i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n Lamara Cana\u015fia dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cG\u0259nc n\u0259sil bunu art\u0131q xat\u0131rlam\u0131r. \u018fvv\u0259ll\u0259r is\u0259 u\u015faqlar s\u0259rni\u015finl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259l yell\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yol boyu d\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. K\u0259ndimizd\u0259 mandarin v\u0259 d\u0259fn\u0259 yarpa\u011f\u0131 yeti\u015fdirirl\u0259r. Buradan Rusiyaya vaqonlar gedirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
H\u0259r \u015fey 23 il \u0259vv\u0259l bitdi, bu zaman, 1992-1994-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259rbi g\u00fcrc\u00fc-abxaz m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259si ba\u015f verdi, m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259 Abxaziyan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 tan\u0131nmayan m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etm\u0259si il\u0259 bitdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
D\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas mane\u0259 2008-ci avqust m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n sonra Rusiyan\u0131n art\u0131q r\u0259smi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 Abxaziyan\u0131n statusu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fcbahis\u0259dir.<\/span><\/p>\n
Mixail Saaka\u015fvilinin prezidentliyi d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanla Rusiyan\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 pisl\u0259\u015f\u0259n zaman, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 2008-ci il m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259sind\u0259n sonra d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda s\u00f6hb\u0259t \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 getmirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
2013-c\u00fc ild\u0259 yeni ba\u015f nazir Bidzina \u0130vani\u015fvilinin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc arzusu partiyas\u0131 Moskva il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri normalla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ba\u015f nazir postuna t\u0259yinat\u0131ndan art\u0131q iki ay sonra, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn 2013-c\u00fc il yanvar ay\u0131nda Yerevana r\u0259smi s\u0259f\u0259ri zaman\u0131 \u0130vani\u015fvili bildirdi ki, \u201cb\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r bunu ist\u0259s\u0259, d\u0259mir yolu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si h\u0259ll oluna bil\u0259r. Amma onu da etiraf etdi ki, bu kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r l\u0259ng ged\u0259n proses olacaq.<\/span><\/p>\n
G\u00fcrc\u00fc ba\u015f nazirinin bu b\u0259yanat\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n
M\u00fcxalif\u0259t v\u0259 b\u0259zi ekspertl\u0259r \u0130vani\u015fvilini G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n milli maraqlar\u0131na m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 ehtiyats\u0131zl\u0131qda, eyni zamanda G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n \u0259sas iqtisadi t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015f\u0131 olan Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 iqnor etm\u0259kd\u0259 ittiham etdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259r aras\u0131nda o vaxtk\u0131 prezident Saaka\u015fvili d\u0259 vard\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cBu d\u0259mir yolu Rusiya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Qafqaz\u0131n z\u0259bt edilm\u0259si, Erm\u0259nistan v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana t\u0259zyiq olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130rana \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn plasdarm olacaq. Niy\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131 Rusiyan\u0131n ucuz oyununda vasit\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evirirl\u0259r? \u2013 dey\u0259 Saaka\u015fvili bildirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cD\u0259mir yolunun abxaz hiss\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 zaman\u0131 g\u00fcrc\u00fc s\u0259rh\u0259d\u00e7il\u0259ri harada duracaq? Abxaz d\u0259mir yolunun b\u0259rpas\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n\u0131n dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na paralel olaraq ba\u015f verm\u0259s\u0259 bu, Abxaziyan\u0131n Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n\u0131 qanunil\u0259\u015fdir\u0259c\u0259k.<\/span><\/p>\n
Saaka\u015fvili bildirirdi ki, \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u015f\u0259rq-q\u0259rb mar\u015frutu \u00fczr\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycandan T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sind\u0259 diqq\u0259tini c\u0259ml\u0259m\u0259lidir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"3Tbilisid\u0259 d\u0259mir yolu va\u011fzal\u0131, 2016<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
Rusiya il\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz aras\u0131nda d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn potensial iqtisadi faydas\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259dir. Onun \u0259razisi \u00fczr\u0259 art\u0131q neft ehtiyatlar\u0131 il\u0259 z\u0259ngin olan Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 q\u0259rb bazarlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndir\u0259n boru k\u0259m\u0259rl\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u0259mir yollar\u0131 ke\u00e7ir, \u015fimalla d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 is\u0259 onun regional n\u0259qliyyat qov\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kimi rolunu m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndir\u0259rdi.<\/span><\/p>\n
Bu \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259ri g\u00fcrc\u00fc h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131q v\u0259 s\u00fclh m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 nazir Paata Zakareishvili vur\u011fulay\u0131r: \u201cBu d\u0259mir yolundan ham\u0131 \u2013 Rusiya, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, Erm\u0259nistan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu, \u00f6lk\u0259nin n\u0259qliyyat arteriyas\u0131 kimi rolunu m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndir\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 onun geosiyasi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini art\u0131racaq. Y\u00fckl\u0259r t\u0259kc\u0259 q\u0259rb-\u015f\u0259rq deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u015fimal-c\u0259nub istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nacaq.<\/span><\/p>\n
Bununla bel\u0259 bir \u00e7ox iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar hesab edir ki, d\u0259mir yolunun b\u0259rpas\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck iqtisadi effekt verm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu, birincisi, Poti liman\u0131ndan mal d\u00f6vriyy\u0259sinin azalmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xaracaq, ikincisi, n\u0259z\u0259ri olaraq Bak\u0131-Tbilisi-Axalkalaki d\u0259mir yolundan y\u00fckl\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259sini ala bil\u0259r, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olacaq ki, bu da enerji sah\u0259sind\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan-Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 \u00f6z m\u0259nfi t\u0259sirini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n \u0130slahatlar Assosiyasiyas\u0131n\u0131n (GRASS) r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan Serqi Kapanadze bildirir ki, \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n iqtisadi, enerji v\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 siyasi m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi m\u0259hz Rusiyan\u0131 yan ke\u00e7\u0259n v\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n regional tranzit funksiyas\u0131 olan d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi rolunu t\u0259sdiq ed\u0259n infrastruktur layih\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0130qtisadi xeyird\u0259n ba\u015fqa, d\u0259mir yolu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana siyasi divident d\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, onun qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n Abxaziya \u0259razisin\u0259 qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131 problemi il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si. Amma indiki m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 bu, h\u0259tta dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 istisna edir, \u00e7\u00fcnki abxaz t\u0259r\u0259fi buna raz\u0131 olan deyil.<\/span><\/p>\n
Serqi Kapanadze hesab edir ki, d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil, bu ideya vaxts\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cN\u0259z\u0259ri c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n d\u0259mir yolunun abxaz hiss\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 g\u0259lir g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r. Sad\u0259c\u0259 bu m\u00f6vzuda s\u00f6hb\u0259t h\u0259l\u0259 vaxts\u0131zd\u0131r. Buna q\u0259d\u0259r G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan hakimiyy\u0259ti bir \u00e7ox sual\u0131n cavab\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259lidir:<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Bu d\u0259mir yolu il\u0259 hans\u0131 y\u00fckl\u0259r da\u015f\u0131nacaq? H\u0259rbi yoxsa m\u00fclki?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Abxaziya il\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n qalan \u0259razisi aras\u0131nda d\u0259mir yolu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti nec\u0259 olacaq? Dayanacaql\u0131 yoxsa dayanacaqs\u0131z, tranzit?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Abxaziya \u0259razisind\u0259 y\u00fckl\u0259rin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini kim t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 D\u0259mir yolunun b\u0259rpas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u00fcqavil\u0259ni kim ba\u011flay\u0131r?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Bu, d\u0259mir yolu \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri, yoxsa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fcqavil\u0259 olacaq?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Az\u0259rbaycan bu layih\u0259d\u0259n hans\u0131 m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259ti \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259k?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Bu mar\u015frut Bak\u0131-Qars d\u0259mir yoluna v\u0259 \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanla G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 nec\u0259 t\u0259sir ed\u0259c\u0259k?<\/span><\/p>\n
\u2022 Bu yolla h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t nec\u0259 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131r? G\u00f6mr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r harada olacaq? B\u0259s s\u0259rh\u0259d\u00e7il\u0259r?<\/span><\/p>\n
Suxum\/i. Dalan\u0131n iqtisadiyyat\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\"4<\/p>\n
Abxaziyaya g\u0259l\u0259n jurnalist v\u0259 ya turistl\u0259rd\u0259n kims\u0259 buradak\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n sonrak\u0131 da\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k ist\u0259yirs\u0259, foto hesabatda m\u00fctl\u0259q i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n d\u0259mir yolu va\u011fzallar\u0131 v\u0259 ot basm\u0131\u015f d\u0259mir yolu relsl\u0259ri yer al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 son ill\u0259r bax\u0131ms\u0131z qalan yerl\u0259r azalsa da, abxaz d\u0259mir yolu infrastrukturu \u00fcmidsiz iqtisadi konyuktura s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n \u0259l d\u0259ym\u0259mi\u015f \u201cvah\u0259 olaraq qal\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
D\u00fczd\u00fcr, onun ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 seqmentl\u0259ri yenid\u0259n dir\u00e7\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259r, misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, Suxum d\u0259mir yolu va\u011fzal\u0131 kimi.<\/span><\/p>\n
Stalin ampiri \u00fcslubunda tikil\u0259n \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tli binaya, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, xo\u015fb\u0259xt lotereya bileti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb. O, miskin h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 davam etdir\u0259 d\u0259 bil\u0259rdi, amma bu yax\u0131nlarda ad\u0131n\u0131n hallanmas\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259m\u0259yin Rusiyal\u0131 mesenat onu he\u00e7 bir m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259t g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n, \u00f6z v\u0259saiti hesab\u0131na b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k fikrin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb. \u201cN\u0259v\u0259l\u0259rim babalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259mir etdirdiyi va\u011fzala baxaraq, q\u00fcrur duyacaqlar, – bu, he\u00e7 d\u0259 ucuz ba\u015fa g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259n layih\u0259d\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bini mesenat bel\u0259 izah edir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u0130ndi ancaq h\u0259m adi v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259murlar\u0131 narahat ed\u0259n yegan\u0259 sula qal\u0131r: bu \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tli binan\u0131 nec\u0259 v\u0259 n\u0259 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful etm\u0259k? \u0130ndi olan d\u0259mir yolu trafikin\u0259 – Rusiyadan bir g\u00fcnd\u0259lik qatar v\u0259 h\u0259ft\u0259d\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 y\u00fck qatar\u0131 – xidm\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n va\u011fzal binas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n ki\u00e7ik fligel kifay\u0259t edir. Art\u0131q 23 ildir ki, y\u0259ni g\u00fcrc\u00fc-abxaz m\u00fcharib\u0259si ba\u015flayandan, yolun bir hiss\u0259si adi dalana \u00e7evrilib. Abxaziyan\u0131n bapbalaca bazar\u0131 kim\u0259 maraql\u0131 ola bil\u0259r ki?<\/span><\/p>\n
2007-ci ild\u0259 So\u00e7i q\u0131\u015f olimpiadas\u0131 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k h\u00fcququnu qazanandan sonra abxaz d\u0259mir yolunun ki\u00e7ik \u015fans\u0131 yarand\u0131. B\u00f6y\u00fck tikintiy\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck miqdarda \u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l v\u0259 qum t\u0259l\u0259b olunurdu v\u0259 Abxaziya \u00fcmid edirdi ki, Rusiya onun tikinti materiallar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259k. Bu planlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00f6kum\u0259t h\u0259tta Moskvadan Rusiya-Abxaziya s\u0259rh\u0259dind\u0259n Suxuma q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259mir yolunun t\u0259miri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iki milyardl\u0131q kredit ald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n
Amma arzular \u00e7in olmad\u0131. Kredit g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcls\u0259 d\u0259 el\u0259 istifad\u0259 olundu ki, bunu h\u0259m k\u00f6hn\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 yeni hakimiyy\u0259t n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t i\u00e7ind\u0259 xat\u0131rlay\u0131rlar<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n
Borcu art\u0131q qaytarmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r, b\u00fcdc\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 pul yoxdur. Q\u0259bul akt\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 Aleksandr Ankvab\u0131n prezidentliyi d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 el\u0259 d\u0259 imzalanmad\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnki veril\u0259n iki milyard\u0131n ancaq bir milyard yar\u0131m rubluna i\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. El\u0259 t\u0259mirin keyfiyy\u0259ti d\u0259 \u00fcr\u0259ka\u00e7an deyil. Ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 hiss\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 elektrik qatar\u0131 ma\u015finistl\u0259ri indiy\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r saatda 20 kilometr s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etm\u0259li olurlar \u2013 bundan daha s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 relsl\u0259rin v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti imkan vermir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cAbxaziya d\u0259mir yolu D\u00f6vl\u0259t Unitar \u0130dar\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Quram Qubaz etiraf edir ki, bu sah\u0259ni canland\u0131rma\u011f\u0131n yegan\u0259 yolu C\u0259nubi Qafqaz d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 birba\u015fa \u0259laq\u0259 a\u00e7maqdad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cS\u0259ks\u0259ninci ill\u0259rin ax\u0131rlar\u0131nda Abxaziyadan g\u00fcnd\u0259 q\u0131rx c\u00fct qatar ke\u00e7irdi. \u0130ndi yol he\u00e7 olmasa yar\u0131ya q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fckl\u0259nmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, bizim n\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n t\u0259min edilm\u0259si, n\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131n \u0259m\u0259k haqlar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 probleml\u0259rimiz olmazd\u0131, m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 d\u0259 ayaqlar\u0131 \u00fcst\u0259 b\u0259rk dayanard\u0131, d\u00f6vl\u0259t b\u00fcdc\u0259si d\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 qazanard\u0131, – dey\u0259 o bildirir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130st\u0259nil\u0259n d\u0259mir yolu o vaxt hans\u0131sa g\u0259lir g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r ki, e\u015felonlar\u0131 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r tez-tez h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etsin, tranzit yolu olsun v\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ixrac potensial\u0131 olsun. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, n\u0259 bu g\u00fcn, n\u0259 d\u0259 yax\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 bu g\u00f6zl\u0259nilmir, \u00e7\u00fcnki G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n bizi tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 indi t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tindir, – parlament deputat\u0131 Axra Bjaniya deyir.<\/span><\/p>\n
Birba\u015fa \u0259laq\u0259nin b\u0259rpas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si m\u00fct\u0259madi olaraq qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, amma o d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u0259 dir\u0259nir ki, problemin m\u00fczakir\u0259si s\u00f6hb\u0259td\u0259n o t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 getmir. O c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan-Abxaziya s\u0259rh\u0259dini ke\u00e7\u0259rk\u0259n y\u00fckl\u0259rin s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rinin r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 probleml\u0259r yaran\u0131r. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Abxaziyan\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131r v\u0259 dem\u0259li Abxaziya \u0259razisind\u0259 y\u00fckl\u0259rin r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 abxaz s\u0259rh\u0259d\u00e7il\u0259ri v\u0259 g\u00f6mr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rinin m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259ti \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ist\u0259mir. R\u0259smi Suxum \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259, bel\u0259 bir g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 getm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r deyil, \u00e7\u00fcnki bunu \u00f6z suverenliyinin bo\u011fulmas\u0131 say\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
Amma \u0259sas mane\u0259 yen\u0259 d\u0259 iqtisadiyyat sah\u0259sind\u0259 durur. Bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, yolun abxaz hiss\u0259si Rusiya puluna edil\u0259n t\u0259mir\u0259 baxmayaraq, h\u0259l\u0259 tam b\u0259rpa olunmay\u0131b. Qatarlar ancaq Rusiya il\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dd\u0259n O\u00e7am\u00e7iraya q\u0259d\u0259r ged\u0259 bil\u0259r. O\u00e7am\u00e7iradan G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanla s\u0259rh\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r yol sad\u0259c\u0259 yoxdur. B\u0259zi sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259inki relsl\u0259r s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcb, h\u0259tta \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u015fpallar da o\u011furlan\u0131b. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, m\u00fcharib\u0259 vaxt\u0131 partlad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ne\u00e7\u0259 k\u00f6rp\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\"3O\u00e7am\u00e7\u0131radan sonra d\u0259mir yolu, 2015<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rin hesablamalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, birba\u015fa d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin tam b\u0259rpas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hardasa 200 milyon dollar laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
2012-ci ild\u0259 \u201cInternatiohal Alert beyn\u0259lxalq<\/a> t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin ekspertl\u0259rini c\u0259lb ed\u0259r\u0259k, Abxaziyadan birba\u015fa d\u0259mir yolu \u0259laq\u0259sinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 layih\u0259sinin iqtisadi m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259uy\u011funlu\u011funu ara\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cBiz siyasi t\u0259r\u0259fi bir k\u0259nara qoyub, ancaq iqtisadi aspekti ara\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131q. Y\u0259ni biz \u0259laq\u0259nin b\u0259rpas\u0131 zaman\u0131 hans\u0131 y\u00fck ax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n hipotetik olaraq i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259 bildiyini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131q. \u2013 iqtisad\u00e7\u0131 Beslan Barateliya dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u2013 T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, i\u015f prosesind\u0259 biz he\u00e7 d\u0259 \u00fcr\u0259ka\u00e7an n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259dik: C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 olan iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar bu yolla ciddi y\u00fck da\u015f\u0131nma haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fmaq olmaz. <\/span><\/p>\n
Bu \u00fc\u00e7 regionun istehsal g\u00fccl\u0259ri el\u0259dir ki, h\u0259tta onlar\u0131n istehsal etdiyi m\u0259hsulun b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259cmi Rusiyaya ixrac olunsa, yol m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259lki d\u00f6vr\u00fc h\u0259cml\u0259rinin yaln\u0131z d\u00f6rdd\u0259 biri q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fckl\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r. <\/span><\/p>\n
\u201cSovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 bu yol, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz respublikalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiyini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq, strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik idi. Bu yolla kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ciddi h\u0259rbi y\u00fck h\u0259cml\u0259ri da\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Bundan ba\u015fqa, Az\u0259rbaycandan Rusiyaya yen\u0259 d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259cmd\u0259 neft m\u0259hsullar\u0131 da\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Regionda n\u0259h\u0259ng zavodlar i\u015fl\u0259yirdi. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olan planl\u0131 iqtisadiyyat s\u0259naye istehsalat\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na xidm\u0259t edirdi v\u0259 t\u0259bii ki, bu yolla da\u015f\u0131nas\u0131 y\u00fck var\u0131yd\u0131. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, h\u0259min istiqam\u0259td\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck sayda s\u0259rni\u015fin qatarlar\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edirdi. \u0130ndi bunlar\u0131n he\u00e7 biri yoxdur, – \u201cAbxaziya d\u0259mir yolu D\u00f6vl\u0259t Unitar \u0130dar\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Quram Qubaz deyir.<\/span><\/p>\n