{"id":10467,"date":"2019-03-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-22T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/az%c9%99rbaycanda-rus-dili-bitm%c9%99y%c9%99n-mubahis%c9%99\/"},"modified":"2020-03-18T12:21:54","modified_gmt":"2020-03-18T12:21:54","slug":"az%c9%99rbaycanda-rus-dili-bitm%c9%99y%c9%99n-mubahis%c9%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/az\/az%c9%99rbaycanda-rus-dili-bitm%c9%99y%c9%99n-mubahis%c9%99\/","title":{"rendered":"Az\u0259rbaycanda rus dili: bitm\u0259y\u0259n m\u00fcbahis\u0259"},"content":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan sakinl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda (\u0259sas\u0259n Bak\u0131da) \u015f\u0259rti olaraq \u201crusdillil\u0259r\u0259\u201d v\u0259 \u201caz\u0259rbaycandillil\u0259r\u0259\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259 var. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259 \u201crus sektoru\u201d v\u0259 \u201cazsektor\u201d yarl\u0131qlar\u0131 il\u0259 d\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bak\u0131l\u0131lar hans\u0131 sektorda t\u0259hsil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t verirl\u0259r. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00f6vzularda bir \u00e7ox ictimai m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r \u201csektorlar m\u00fcbahis\u0259si\u201d il\u0259 yekunla\u015f\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Biz Bak\u0131da \u00e7oxlar\u0131 il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131q v\u0259 bel\u0259 bir m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Problem n\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u201cSektorlar\u201d yaln\u0131z insanlar\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verdiyi dil deyil. Bu, d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, etiketi, maraqlar\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi il\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n iki sosial qrupdur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda milyon yar\u0131ma yax\u0131n m\u0259kt\u0259blid\u0259n yaln\u0131z 90 min n\u0259f\u0259ri rus dilind\u0259 t\u0259hsil al\u0131r – t\u0259hsil m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 ekspert Nadir \u0130srafilov deyir. Bu, t\u0259xmin\u0259n 7 faiz dem\u0259kdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u018fhalinin son siyah\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rini v\u0259 ekspertl\u0259rin hesablamalar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etdikd\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin 7 faiz\u0259 yax\u0131n\u0131 rus dilini \u0259sas \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t dili hesab edir v\u0259 ya bu dili s\u0259list bilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 Rus sektoru haqda daha \u0259trafl\u0131: sosioloji t\u0259dqiqat\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u015e\u0259rh: az\u0259rbaycansaya\u011f\u0131 dil diskriminasiyas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Niy\u0259 m\u0259hz Az\u0259rbaycan?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u018fcn\u0259bil\u0259r tez-tez soru\u015furlar ki, niy\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn postsovet respublikalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndan m\u0259hz Az\u0259rbaycanda rus dili populyar qal\u0131b? <\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n biri rus dilinin verdiyi imkanlard\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n informasiya sah\u0259si dar olaraq qal\u0131r \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 az v\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt keyfiyy\u0259tsiz t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 olunur. Rus dilind\u0259 t\u0259hsil pulsuz \u0259lav\u0259 imkanlar verir. \u0130ngilis dilind\u0259 t\u0259hsl almaq is\u0259 \u00e7ox bahad\u0131r v\u0259 ham\u0131n\u0131n cibin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 deyil. Az\u0259rbaycandilli valideynl\u0259r \u00e7ox vaxt u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131 rus dilli m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 qoyurlar ki, he\u00e7 olmasa d\u00f6vl\u0259t hesab\u0131na bir xarici dil \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015f olsunlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bel\u0259 bir s\u0131rf yerli post-sovet fenomen d\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur: rusdillil\u0259r \u00f6zl\u0259rini \u201cse\u00e7ilmi\u015f\u201d hiss edirl\u0259r, h\u0259tta bunu etiraf etm\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r bel\u0259. 300 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 yax\u0131n rusdilli bak\u0131l\u0131lar dild\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00f6vqeli sosial qrupun identifikasiya \u0259lam\u0259ti kimi istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r: \u201c\u00f6zl\u0259rinkil\u0259ri\u201d bel\u0259 ay\u0131rd edirl\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Niy\u0259 problem \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131b?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnki \u0259traf d\u00fcnyaya yax\u015f\u0131 inteqrasiya olunmu\u015f rusdilli azl\u0131qla informasiya sah\u0259si dar olan v\u0259 bir \u00e7ox inki\u015faf imkanlar\u0131ndan m\u0259hrum qalan az\u0259rbaycandilli \u00e7oxluq aras\u0131nda dil v\u0259 psixoloji baryer m\u00f6vcuddur. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u0259zi dig\u0259r post-sovet \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda v\u0259 Ukraynada) analoji problem m\u00f6vcuddur. Amma bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t rus dilind\u0259n imtina etm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lib. Az\u0259rbaycanda is\u0259 \u0259ksin\u0259, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k rus dilind\u0259 t\u0259hsili, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 rusdilli median\u0131 v\u0259 alt\u0131 saatl\u0131q x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri \u201csaxlay\u0131blar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda sektorlar aras\u0131nda m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259nin oldu\u011funu inkar edirl\u0259r. Amma m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur \u2013 bir-birinin \u0259skikliyin\u0259 gizli ikrah v\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qibt\u0259 formas\u0131nda.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn sevgilil\u0259rim rusdilli olub\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201cBirinci sinf\u0259 rus sektoruna getmi\u015f\u0259m. Amma ikinci sinifd\u0259 valideynl\u0259rim m\u0259ni ev\u0259 yax\u0131n ba\u015fqa m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r. Orada is\u0259 rus sektoru yox idi\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Tural\u0131n 28 ya\u015f\u0131 var, o qrafik dizaynerdir, musiqi b\u0259st\u0259l\u0259yir, bir q\u0259d\u0259r r\u0259ssaml\u0131qla m\u0259\u015f\u011fuldur, \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck x\u0259yal\u0131 \u201cDisney Pixar\u201d studiyas\u0131nda animator i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259kdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc birm\u0259nal\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 az\u0259rbaycandilli hesab edir\u0259m. Baxmayaraq ki, \u0259traf\u0131mdak\u0131lar\u0131n dem\u0259k olar ki, ham\u0131s\u0131 rusdillidir.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

M\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 bizim rus sektoruna qar\u015f\u0131 kompleksimiz vard\u0131. Onlar biz\u0259 daha m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Rus sektorundan olan q\u0131zlar da azsektorun o\u011flanlar\u0131 il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k ist\u0259mirdil\u0259r.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

M\u0259n sinif yolda\u015flar\u0131mdan f\u0259rqli olaraq rok v\u0259 metalika dinl\u0259yirdim, bu da h\u0259lledici rol oynad\u0131: rus sektorundan olan q\u0131z m\u0259niml\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn sevgilil\u0259rim rusdilli oldu. \u0130ndiki sevgilim is\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilini bilmir. Biz onunla el\u0259 bel\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t saxlay\u0131r\u0131q: o rusca deyir, m\u0259n az\u0259rbaycanca cavab verir\u0259m. Bir-birimizi anlamayanda ingilis dilin\u0259 ke\u00e7irik.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Rus v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan sektorlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc v\u0259 \u00fcmumi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 f\u0259rq var. H\u0259r \u015fey d\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r \u2013 rus sektorunda proqram azsektordan daha z\u0259ngindir. Amma seksizm\u0259, patriarxall\u0131\u011fa v\u0259 azsektorun aya\u011f\u0131na yaz\u0131lan dig\u0259r bel\u0259 \u015feyl\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259linc\u0259, bunlar adama ail\u0259d\u0259n g\u0259lir v\u0259 dilin m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u0259xli yoxdur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, m\u0259nim ail\u0259md\u0259 bel\u0259 \u015feyl\u0259r olmay\u0131b v\u0259 m\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan azad b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u0259m.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Bizim c\u0259miyy\u0259timiz \u00e7ox vaxt az\u0259rbaycandillil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 q\u0259r\u0259zli yana\u015f\u0131r. Bir d\u0259f\u0259 xalamla birlikd\u0259 q\u0259hv\u0259xanaya g\u0259ldik, ofisiant yax\u0131nla\u015f\u0131b, rus dilind\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdi. H\u0259tta xalam Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 cavab ver\u0259nd\u0259n sonra da o, rus dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fma\u011fa davam etdi. Ondan soru\u015fanda ki, niy\u0259 bel\u0259 el\u0259yir, dedi ki, bu, r\u0259hb\u0259rliyin tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, onlar hesab edirl\u0259r ki, yaln\u0131z rusdillil\u0259r q\u0259hv\u0259xanaya gedir\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin tarixi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 rus dili Az\u0259rbaycanda sad\u0259c\u0259 r\u0259smi dil deyildi, h\u0259m d\u0259 elitar dil say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. G\u0259ncliyi h\u0259min ill\u0259rd\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n az\u0259rbaycandilli bak\u0131l\u0131lardan biri dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBizi ikinci n\u00f6v insan hesab edirdil\u0259r, biz d\u0259 CAR-da oldu\u011fu kimi aparteidin s\u00fcqutundan sonra revan\u015f etdik\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

SSR\u0130 da\u011f\u0131landan sonra Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcst\u0259qillik u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131rd\u0131, rus dili Rusiya il\u0259, Rusiya is\u0259 azadl\u0131q yolundak\u0131 mane\u0259 il\u0259 assosiasiya olunurdu. O zaman rus dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131q aqressiya il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Adama el\u0259 g\u0259lirdi ki, \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 rus dili q\u0131sa zamanda yoxa \u00e7\u0131xacaq.<\/span><\/p>\n

Niy\u0259 bu ba\u015f verm\u0259di? <\/span><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Rusiya il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u00fcz\u0259ldi, rus dilin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t gerid\u0259 qald\u0131. Rus dilini h\u0259r c\u00fcr d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259y\u0259n h\u00f6kum\u0259t siyas\u0259ti d\u0259 h\u0259lledici rol oynad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Amma m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u201cdil d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n\u201d olan g\u0259ncl\u0259r bir-birin\u0259 \u0259n az\u0131 ehtiyatla yana\u015fma\u011fa davam edirl\u0259r. \u00c7ox vaxt onlar\u0131n h\u0259yat trayektoriyalar\u0131 ancaq i\u015fd\u0259 k\u0259si\u015fir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6lk\u0259y\u0259 aidiyyatl\u0131l\u0131q<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201cAil\u0259md\u0259 rus dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Amma u\u015faq ba\u011f\u00e7as\u0131nda m\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycan qrupuna qoymu\u015fdular ki, dili \u00f6yr\u0259nim. Bunun k\u00f6m\u0259yi olmad\u0131. Sonra he\u00e7 repetitor da k\u00f6m\u0259k el\u0259m\u0259di. Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 zorla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131ram v\u0259 yaln\u0131z ehtiyac oldu\u011fu halda istifad\u0259 edir\u0259m.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

A\u011fz\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7an kimi dilin da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259si v\u0259 ya \u0259yl\u0259nm\u0259si az\u0259rbaycanca dan\u0131\u015fmaq h\u0259v\u0259simi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. B\u0259zil\u0259ri t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz\u00fcm\u0259 v\u0259 ya qrammatik s\u0259hvl\u0259rim\u0259 bel\u0259 reaksiya verir\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Lal\u0259nin 25 ya\u015f\u0131 var, o proqram\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7ox oxuyur v\u0259 Avropan\u0131n kosmik agentliyind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k x\u0259yal\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u0259nc\u0259, b\u0259dnam \u201cdil m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259si\u201d realdan daha \u00e7ox uydurmad\u0131r. Bizim m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 sektorlar aras\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir \u201cqar\u015f\u0131durma\u201d olmay\u0131b. B\u0259z\u0259n o\u011flanlar \u201cdivar-divara\u201d, rus sektoru Az\u0259rbaycan sektoruna qar\u015f\u0131 dala\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn dostlar\u0131m ya rusdilli, ya da ikidillidir, amma onlar\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan dilini bilm\u0259si v\u0259 ya he\u00e7 olmasa anlamas\u0131 m\u0259nim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacibdir ki, b\u0259y\u0259ndiyim mahn\u0131n\u0131 onlara dinl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 verim v\u0259 ya dan\u0131\u015fanda Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bilim.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, az\u0259rbaycandilli g\u0259ncl\u0259r sosial-siyasi planda daha f\u0259ald\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar bu c\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 aid olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ox duyurlar, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ox \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcnk\u00fc, do\u011fma hiss edirl\u0259r\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Rus dili t\u0259hdid kimi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Erkin Q\u0259dirli, h\u00fcquq\u015f\u00fcnas, Respublika Alternativi (ReAl) Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n idar\u0259 hey\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAz\u0259rbaycan art\u0131q 28 ildir ki, m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259tdir. Biz is\u0259 faktiki olaraq d\u00f6vl\u0259t hesab\u0131na \u00f6z u\u015faqlar\u0131m\u0131za ba\u015fqa \u00f6lk\u0259nin dilind\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259yi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131 Rusiya x\u0259b\u0259r proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259yi, prosesl\u0259ri onlar\u0131n t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259siri il\u0259 anlama\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259dirik.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

U\u015faqlar\u0131 rus sektorunda oxutmaqla biz Moskvan\u0131n bizim \u00fcz\u0259rimizd\u0259 dominantl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcnbit \u015f\u0259rait haz\u0131rlay\u0131r\u0131q. Odur ki, rus sektorunun ba\u011flanmas\u0131 milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sidir.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

M\u0259n rus dilin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 deyil\u0259m. Ke\u00e7mi\u015f metropoliyan\u0131n v\u0259 haz\u0131rk\u0131 qon\u015funun dili kimi onu bilm\u0259k yax\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Amma onu pulsuz v\u0259 m\u0259cburi etm\u0259k olmaz.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00dcst\u0259lik m\u0259n bir anda rus sektorunu ba\u011flama\u011f\u0131 t\u0259klif etmir\u0259m \u2013 bu strateji m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir v\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259li h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259lidir. B\u00fct\u00fcn proses 10 il\u0259 yax\u0131n zaman almal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Sektorlar aras\u0131nda s\u0259rh\u0259di nec\u0259 qald\u0131rmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Nis\u0259nin 32 ya\u015f\u0131 var, o feministdir, gender psixologiyas\u0131ndan d\u0259rs deyir v\u0259 hans\u0131sa n\u00fcfuzlu universitetin professoru olmaq arzusundad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc h\u0259r iki sektora aid edir\u0259m. H\u0259r iki dild\u0259 n\u0259inki dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m: m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri haqda Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259, i\u015fl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 rus dilind\u0259, akademik m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 is\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 ingilis dilind\u0259\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n